Sample 1
What refers to the language that is spoken first in the home and is often the basis for a child's early cognitive development?
The mother tongue (also called L1, native language, or first language) is the language a child learns from birth at home, before any formal schooling. It's the language they think in, dream in, and develop early concepts in. In the Philippines, this is often Cebuano, Ilokano, Hiligaynon, Tagalog, etc., depending on where the child grows up — and current MTB-MLE policy uses it as the medium of instruction in early grades for that reason.
Why the other choices are wrong
- A. A second language (L2) is one a person learns AFTER their mother tongue, often in school or through migration.
- B. Target language is the language being studied or being translated into. It describes a learning goal, not the home language.
- D. A foreign language is one not commonly spoken in the learner's country (e.g., Japanese for a Filipino learner). It's a more specific kind of L2.